Continuing our 𝐊𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞 𝐁𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐏𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬, a practical guide for inventors, startups, and researchers to better understand patent protection in India. It’s time to understand the difference between a utility patent and a design patent which is essential for any inventor/researcher seeking to protect an innovation. Choosing the appropriate type of patent determines the scope and strength of legal protection. In many jurisdictions, particularly in t

Continuing our Knowledge Base Patent Series, a practical guide for inventors, startups, and researchers to better understand patent protection in India. For innovators, startups, and corporate R&D teams, understanding what can and cannot be patented in India is crucial. This section of the Indian Patents Act- Section 4 define key exclusions. This section applies for atomic energy inventions; such applications are referred to the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board for scrutiny aft

The recent controversy at the India AI Impact Summit 2026—where Galgotias University showcased a quadruped robotic dog later identified as the commercially manufactured Unitree Go2 developed by Unitree Robotics -highlights a critical issue for India’s intellectual property ecosystem: the need to clearly distinguish between innovation and invention . In view our perspective, this distinction is not semantic; it is legal and strategic. An invention is a novel and non-obvious

What Inventions Are NOT Patentable in India? (Understanding on Section 3 of the Indian Patents Act) Continuing our 𝐊𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞 𝐁𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐏𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬, a practical guide for inventors, startups, and researchers to better understand patent protection in India. When inventors apply for patents in India, it’s important to know that not all inventions qualify for patent protection. The Indian Patents Act sets some clear rules about what cannot be patented, mai

What Makes an Invention Patentable in India? This is an important question every inventor should understand. Many inventors believe that having a good idea automatically qualifies them for a patent. But in reality, this is not how patent protection works in India. Under Indian Patent Law, every invention must pass specific legal and technical tests before it can be granted a patent. Understanding these basics early can save time, money, and disappointment. So, what actually m

The Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy for Transforming India Act, 2025 (SHANTI Act) fundamentally transforms India's nuclear patent landscape from categorical prohibition to conditional authorization. ​The Legacy Framework (Section 20(1) of the Atomic Energy Act, 1962) For over five decades, Section 20(1) imposed an across-the-board prohibition on patents for inventions in the atomic energy field. This encompassed reactor technologies, uranium enrichmen

Recently, on November 18, 2025, the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (“DPIIT”), Ministry of Commerce and Industry, released draft guidelines for the use of the Geographical Indication (“GI”) Logo for comments and suggestions from the general public and concerned stakeholders. This comes in light of the Government of India’s process of developing comprehensive guidelines for the use of the GI logo. GI refers to an indication which identifies goods as agr

The ever flourishing cross-border trade and the expansion of global markets has led to shedding of more importance on parallel importation and effective implementation of ranging price gaps. If we were to understand the concept of exhaustion of a trade mark in simple terms, we would break it down as one of the limitations under the intellectual property law. Once any good which are protected by an IP right are smarketed- by an enterprise or by anyone else with the prior conse

In the modern world, a corporation’s primary competitive strength is less derived by its physical capital and more by its intangible assets. Among these, trade marks play a pivotal role in shaping brand identity, market presence, and long-term commercial value. This article explores the rising practice of leveraging trade marks as collateral, and how businesses can use the value of their brands to access funds. Trade Marks as Collateral: Concept and Method A trade mark wh

In the evolving landscape of commercial litigation in India, Section 12A of the Commercial Courts Act, 2015, has emerged as a pivotal procedural checkpoint. It mandates pre-institution mediation for all commercial disputes, unless the suit “contemplates any urgent interim relief.” This provision, while aimed at reducing litigation and promoting amicable resolution, has been a topic of contest in the realm of Intellectual Property Rights (“IPR”) litigation, where urgency is

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